Therapeutic uses:

The roots, the stem and the leaves are effective in the treatment of coryza, cough, fever, jaundice resulting from viral hepatitis, and intoxications. They are used as an edulcorating agent in composite recipes. The daily dose is 8 to 16g in the form of a decoction. The seeds, very toxic, are applied externally in an antiseptic and anti-inflammatory poultice to accelerate the bursting of boils and to cure mastitis and galactophoritis.

Therapeutic uses:

The roots, the stem and the leaves are effective in the treatment of coryza, cough, fever, jaundice resulting from viral hepatitis, and intoxications. They are used as an edulcorating agent in composite recipes. The daily dose is 8 to 16g in the form of a decoction. The seeds, very toxic, are applied externally in an antiseptic and anti-inflammatory poultice to accelerate the bursting of boils and to cure mastitis and galactophoritis.

Therapeutic uses:

The roots and leaves are employed in the treatment of coryza, hyperthermia, headache, dysuria and metrorrhoea, in a daily dose of 4 to 8g of dried plant material in the form of a decoction. The juice of pounded fresh leaves and seeds internally applied is active on furunculosis, dysentery and snake-bite; the residue is used for poultices. The dose of seeds is 8 to 12g per day. A combination with some other plants is prescribed for jaundice and certain post-partum diseases.

The root bark and stem bark are prescribed in the treatment of rheumatism, lumbago, ostealgia and impotence. The drug is also considered as a central nervous system stimulant and tonic. It improves the memory. The usual dose is 6 to 12g per day in the form of a decoction or tincture.

The whole plant and especially the roots, characterized by their anti-inflammatory and uterine stimulant activity, are prescribed in the therapy of rheumatism, contusions, lumbago, osteodynia, dysuria, post-partum haematometra and dysmenorrhoea. The daily dose is 8 to 16g in the form of a decoction. The drug is used on its own or in combination with some other plants.

The roots possess anti-inflammatory, hypocholesterolaemic, hypotensive and uterotonic properties. The drug is indicated for rheumatism, lumbago, dysmenorrhoea, hypertension, hypercholesterolaemia, atherosclerosis, dysuria, haematuria, contusions, congestion and sore throat. It is also used as an oxytocic in dystocia, placenta retention and post-partum haematometra. It is prescribed in a dose of 6 to 12g per day in the form of a decoction.

Therapeutic uses:

The roots are utilized in the therapy of rheumatism, lumbago, pain in the limbs, post-partum blood stasis, furunculosis, impetigo and snake-bite. The dosage is 8 to 20g per day, in the form of a decoction or elixir. The torrefied roots or leaves are effective as a stomachic for dyspepsia in parturients in a daily dose of 6 to 12g as a decoction. A poultice made of heated leaves and a wash with a decoction of the trunk bark are useful for furunculosis and impetigo.

The whole plant, except the roots, constitutes an antibacterial, cholagogic, diuretic and stomachic remedy. It is useful for the treatment of jaundice in viral hepatitis, oliguria, biliuria, fever, ophthalmalgia, vertigo and dyspepsia in parturients. It is prescribed in a daily dose of 10 to 20g in the form of a decoction, extract or syrup.

The whole plant possesses anti-inflammatory and antiallergic properties. The juice from the fresh plant and the extract of the dried plant are used for the cure of allergic rhinitis and sinusitis, in aqueous solution for nasal instillation. The juice of the fresh plant is also useful in post-partum uterine haemorrhage. The usual dose is 30 to 50g of fresh plant per day. A hair-wash consisting of a decoction of the fresh plant makes the hair fragrant, soft and dandruff-free.

The rhizome is diuretic and used in treating oedema, nephritis, dysuria, haematuria, pollakiuria, urodynia, urinary lithiasis, flatulence, vomiting and diarrhoea. It is administered in a dose of 8 to 16g per day in the form of a decoction or pills. It is likewise prescribed as an antidiabetic and as a galactagogue in hypogalactia.

The whole plants, especially the bulbs, possess neurostimulant, stomachic and antibacterial properties. They are effective in the treatment of coryza, influenza, headache, fever, dyspepsia, intestinal infections, rheumatism, toothache, furunculosis and dysuria. The daily dose is 30 to 60g of fresh herb, in the form of a decoction, extracted juice or hot gruel. A poultice of pounded fresh bulbs is effective in treating furunculosis, especially axillary and inguinal boils. Inhalation of the vapour from a boiling decoction is active on coryza, influenza and fever.

The leaves and the bulbs possess antibacterial properties. They are useful for the treatment of haemoptysis, epistaxis, cough, sore throat, asthma, haematometra, dyspepsia, dysentery and oxyuriasis. The usual dose is 20 to 30g per day in the form of a decoction. They are also used in an anti-inflammatory poultice. The seeds are active on spermatorrhoea, haematuria, incontinence, lumbago, arthrodynia and metrorrhoea. The usual dose is 6 to 12g per day in the form of a decoction.

The bulb constitutes an antibacterial, anti-inflammatory and anthelmintic remedy. It is employed in the treatment of bacillary dysentery and amoebiasis. A rectal injection of 100 ml of 5 to 10% solution is effective for oxyuriasis and colitis. The 20% tincture cures cough, bronchitis and pertussis. The aqueous solution of bulb juice in a nasal instillation and a gruel made with the bulbs are active on coryza and influenza. It is also hypocholesterolaemic and thus useful in hyper-cholesterolaemia and atherosclerosis. A poultice of pounded bulb is used to treat boils, abscesses, phlegmons and centipede bites.